Abstract: Humans have historically extirpated large animals, or megafauna, on a global scale, a trend that has only intensified with the Anthropocene. Contrary to this pattern, some megafauna species are demonstrating a remarkable comeback, even amidst the densely populated landscapes of Earth. This talk demonstrates rare cases from India, where the decline in some megafauna populations has been effectively halted and examines factors contributing to megafauna recovery. Utilizing large-scale, long-term population assessments, our investigation focuses on the sustenance and recoveries of tigers, megaherbivores, and snow leopards. Beyond ecological factors such as habitat and food resources, we show how the economics of coexistence, political stability, and landscape sustainability have shaped megafauna trajectories. In an era of unprecedented novelty, these species are not just surviving but are potentially becoming central to promoting biodiversity and ecosystem resilience. India’s ecosystems, at crossroads of rapid global change and deep cultural ties to nature, offer valuable insights into the evolving model of megafauna conservation. It rekindles hope for a biodiverse Anthropocene.