This paper explores the adoption of an ecosystem-based approach for adaptation to global changes in the context of Africa, with a particular focus on climate change. It explains the relevance and benefits of ecosystem-based pathways for climate adaptation and socio-ecological resilience, analyzes the effects of climate change on African ecosystems, and introduces the concept of the dynamic landscape of ecosystem-based adaptation pathways. The paper also explores the costs associated with applying an ecosystem-based approach for adaptation using a top-down financial flows analysis, and a bottom-up assessment of specific ecosystem-based adaptation measures and outlines future research and action needs.
