One of the major challenges faced by biologists during field studies is the identification of plant species and this is most evident in the tropics where biodiversity richness is very high. Hence this study was conducted in order to document and produce a guide for the identification of the diversity of life forms that represent the family Sapindaceae in West Africa. In view of this, plant exploration was carried out in five West African countries with the aim of collecting and recording the different life forms in the family Sapindaceae as well as their specific locations. This revealed that Sapindaceae is widely distributed in West Africa and the highest number of species was recorded in Nigeria (47 taxa). A total of 104 species was recorded in the region and these are represented by diverse life forms ranging from trees (58 species) to shrubs (32 species) and climbers (4 species) with compound trifoliate (e.g. Allophylus), paripinnate (e.g. Deinbollia) or imparipinnate (e.g. Paullinia) leaves. Flowers are arranged in groups either as cymes or racemes. Fruits are in the form of berry (e.g. Melicoccus), capsules (e.g. Blighia), or drupes (e.g. Deinbollia); some are inflated (e.g Cardiospermum) or trilobed and woody (e.g. Chytranthus). This study provides a guide to field identification of members of the family Sapindaceaein West Africa and can be seen as a step in solving taxonomic identification problems and biodiversity conservation as a whole.
